A Sharp Lower Bound for Integral Menger Curvature

Abstract

We prove that round circles $C_L$ are the unique minimisers of integral Menger curvature among embedded closed $C^1$ curves $\gamma$ of prescribed length $L$ for every $p\ge 2$, i.e. $M_p(C_L)\le M_p(\gamma )$, with equality if and only if $\gamma$ parametrises a round circle. The proof combines a three-point symmetrisation, an analysis of diagonal truncations, and the periodic Wirtinger inequality. For $p>3$, known self-avoidance and regularity results extend the minimisation result to closed rectifiable curves without assuming embeddedness or smoothness, provided the length of the curve image equals $L$. In particular, $M_p$ detects the unknot and is basic for $p>3$, thereby answering a question posed repeatedly in the literature.