paper

Quench dynamics and quantum flutter properties of one-dimensional attractive single-spin flipped Fermi gases

arXiv:2610.09431 · doi:10.7498/aps.75.20260182

Abstract

Impurity nonequilibrium dynamics in quantum many-body systems is a frontier subject in ultracold-atom physics, which helps uncover microscopic mechanisms of polaron and collective excitation phenomena. Although repulsive interacting systems have been extensively investigated, attractive-interaction dynamics lacks systematic studies owing to intricate couplings among different states. We study a one-dimensional ideal Fermi gas containing an attractive spin-down impurity with initial momentum and analyze time evolution of interspin two-body correlations and impurity momentum. Using exact Bethe ansatz solutions, we simplify correlation matrix elements to finite sums for efficient calculations of eigenstate occupations and long-time dynamical evolution. In the weakly attractive regime, bound-state features appear when the total momentum is below or equal to the Fermi momentum, while mixed oscillatory behaviors arise at larger total momentum. The strongly attractive regime shows locally bound-state dominated dynamics with localized correlation peaks and scattering-induced Friedel-like oscillations. We characterize quantum flutter, the periodic oscillation of impurity momentum, and obtain consistent critical chemical potential values of the impurity via four independent Bethe ansatz approaches. This work clarifies quench dynamics and quantum flutter under attractive interactions, improves the understanding of nonequilibrium quantum many-body properties, and provides theoretical support for relevant ultracold-atom impurity experiments.

30 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (30)