$C_{\sigma }$-Unique Dcpos: Intrinsic Characterizations and Counterexamples

Abstract

A dcpo \(D\) is called \(C_σ\)-unique if for every dcpo \(Q\), \( Γ(D)\cong Γ(Q) \) implies \( D\cong Q, \) where \(Γ(D)\) denotes the lattice of Scott-closed subsets of \(D\). We give an intrinsic characterization of \(C_σ\)-uniqueness in terms of Skula-density and Scott closure, identifying precisely when a proper sub-dcpo can preserve the lattice of Scott-closed sets. Based on this characterization, we answer three open problems: (1) every power $\J^I$ of Johnstone's dcpo is $C_{\sigma }$-unique; (2) $C_{\sigma }$-uniqueness is not preserved by binary products, even when both factors and their product are sober; and (3) a sober countable complete lattice need not be $C_{\sigma }$-unique, even when it is a frame.