Revealing the origin of ionic conduction in silver-iodide-doped silver phosphate glass

Abstract

Fast ionic transport is a defining feature of many solid electrolytes, yet its microscopic origin is not fully understood. In the absence of microscopic insights, the development of next-generation solid-state batteries remains largely empirical. Most existing measurements access either the low-frequency transport response or the high-frequency bound polarization, yet the intermediate mesoscopic frequency regime is where ionic transport emerges. By varying the $\mathrm{AgI}$ concentration ($x$) and performing time-domain terahertz spectroscopy (TDTS) in a prototypical glassy electrolyte ${\left(\mathrm{AgI}\right)}_x{\left(\mathrm{AgP}{\mathrm{O}}_3\right)}_{(1-x)}$, we reveal this intermediate frequency regime and identify a crossover from bound-current-dominated conduction to conductivity arising from short-range dispersive ionic transport. We find that bound polarization associated with the bond-bending motion of the $\mathrm{P}-{\mathrm{O}}^{-}-\mathrm{A}{\mathrm{g}}^{+}$ motif is present across compositions but is insufficient to produce ionic transport on its own. Transport emerges only when this polarization is embedded in a sufficiently soft $\mathrm{AgP}{\mathrm{O}}_3$ glassy matrix and accompanied by a high carrier density. These ingredients together take the system from a vibrationally bound response to short-range dispersive motion.

7 pages, 4 figures. Supplemental Information available on request