Advanced Time-Division Multiplexed Readout Chain for the BICEP Array 90/150 GHz Receiver

Abstract

This work presents the current performance of the advanced time-division multiplexed (TDM) readout chain for the BICEP Array 90/150 GHz receiver. BA4-90/150, scheduled for deployment to the South Pole in 2026--27, will use photon-noise-limited, feedhorn-coupled transition edge sensor detectors and an upgraded DC SQUID-based TDM system to map the cosmic microwave background. This new TDM system mitigates readout-induced systematics that are beginning to emerge above the noise floor of the most sensitive maps produced by the BICEP collaboration. Improvements include faster, fully differential SQUID designs, higher TES signal amplification, reduced crosstalk, and hierarchical row-addressing that reduces wiring required for row switching. Measurements made through legacy single-ended warm readout electronics show the upgraded cryogenic readout chain performs as well as or better than the TDM system currently fielded on the BICEP experiment. New warm electronics currently in development at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory will provide matched fully differential circuits and higher bandwidth, reducing RF susceptibility and aliased noise contributions. On-sky demonstration of this technology will establish a new low-noise, high-bandwidth TDM architecture for future CMB observatories.

8 pages, 5 figures, SPIE conference proceedings