Artifact side peaks in saturated absorption spectroscopy caused by inappropriate lock-in amplification

Abstract

Saturated absorption spectroscopy is a powerful technique that provides valuable information about gas-phase atomic targets, including not only the precise positions of transitions but also the effects of velocity-changing collisions, which manifest as changes in the shape of the peaks. However, using a lock-in amplifier inappropriately can generate artifact side peaks, potentially leading to a misinterpretation of results. To investigate the emergence of these artifacts, we conducted numerical calculations based on the basic Lambert-Beer's law. Our model reproduced the artifact side peaks and revealed that these artifacts become more significant as the transmittance of the probe laser decreases.

Author's final manuscript. 12 pages, 3 figures