Topological degree and existence of nontrivial normalized solutions for mass-critical Gross-Pitaevskii systems

Abstract

In this paper, we study the existence of nontrivial solutions for the following Gross-Pitaevskii system involving mass-critical exponent: \[ \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -Δu_{1}+V_1(x)u_{1}=a_{1}u_{1}^3+βu_{1}u_{2}^2+μu_{1}& \hbox{ in }Ω,\\ -Δu_{2}+V_2(x)u_{2}=a_{2}u_{2}^3+βu_{2}u_{1}^2+μu_{2}&\hbox{ in }Ω, u_{1},u_{2}\ge 0 &\hbox{ in }Ω, u_1=u_2=0 &\hbox{ on }\partialΩ, \end{array}\right. \] with the constraint \[ \int_Ω(u_1^2+u_2^2)=1, \] where $\Omega$ is an unbounded smooth domain in ${\mathbb{R}}^2$, $a_1,a_2,\beta$ are positive parameters, $V_i$ are trapping potentials, and $\mu \in \mathbb{R}$ is an unknown Lagrange multiplier. We derive the existence of solutions by computing the Leray-Schauder degree for the parameters $a_1,a_2,\beta$, which are away from some critical values. The system may have semi-trivial solutions of the form $(u_1,0)$ or $(0,u_2)$. Our novelty is that we provide mechanisms ensuring that the solutions we find are nontrivial, i.e., $u_1>0$ and $u_2>0$.