Critical behavior and critical exponents of rotating QCD matter

Abstract

We investigate the thermodynamic properties and critical behavior of rotating strongly interacting matter within the two-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. The phase structure and critical endpoint (CEP) are determined in the temperature-angular-velocity \((T,ω)\) plane. Exploiting the thermodynamic conjugacy between the angular velocity \(ω\) and rotational polarization \(J\), we characterize the CEP through complementary thermal, coexistence, susceptibility, and critical-isotherm responses. The corresponding effective critical exponents are extracted along distinct thermodynamic trajectories and are found to be consistent with \(α_ω\simeq0\), \(β_ω\simeq1/2\), \(γ_ω\simeq1\), and \(δ_ω\simeq3\). These exponents are numerically compatible with the standard scaling relations and form a mutually consistent Landau mean-field scaling pattern. Our results establish a coherent thermodynamic characterization of the rotation-induced CEP and demonstrate how its singular behavior is encoded in rotational response observables associated with the conjugate pair \((ω,J)\).

10 pages, 10 figures