Task-Dependent Syndrome Memory in Quantum Sensing and State Recovery

Abstract

Preserving metrological information under noise is central to quantum sensing, yet finite detectors and memories impose an unavoidable limit on how finely noise trajectories can be resolved. Using exact symmetric-logarithmic-derivative geometry, we determine when a monitored trajectory can be compressed without losing quantum Fisher information. For an explicit faithful monitored qubit family, the complete joint signal-and-noise model is recoverable from only polynomially many type records, requiring $O(\log n)$ terminal memory, whereas deferred recovery of arbitrary $n$-qubit states requires exponentially many trajectories, or $O(n)$ memory. Online correction replaces this terminal storage by an irreducible per-use readout and feedback alphabet. These results establish syndrome information as a task- and timing-dependent resource connecting quantum sensing, statistical sufficiency, and quantum error correction.