Proto-Area Response Beyond Bulk Entropy

Abstract

We study how much of the proto-area response can be inferred from the bulk von Neumann entropy. In the perturbative holographic code setting considered by CCKLP and Witten, we keep the recovery frame fixed and analyze the response averaged over the GUE at second order in the encoding perturbation. Near the maximally mixed bulk spectrum, the response is fixed by the entropy through quadratic order. For $d_1\ge 3$, spectral information first enters at cubic order through the third centered moment, so states with the same entropy can have different responses. We determine the resulting response range on small equal-entropy level sets and obtain its sharp leading $D^{3/2}$ dependence, including the coefficient. The corresponding minimax error for prediction from entropy alone is one half of this range. For $d_1=2$, the entropy instead determines the response exactly.

v2: Revised version with strengthened results and improved discussion of equal-entropy ambiguity