A broadband, individually addressing two- and three-dimensional photonic integrated circuit for trapped-ion qubit control

Abstract

Trapped ions provide a high-fidelity platform for quantum information processing, yet delivery of multiple, distinct wavelengths across large networks of interaction zones remains a bottleneck. Conventional free-space light delivery lacks scalability, while on-chip grating couplers suffer from narrow operational bandwidth that increases circuit footprint and optical interfacing complexity. Here we show a broadband photonic integrated circuit capable of addressing individual ions. The circuit combines a planar waveguide lens with a micromirror fabricated using two-photon polymerization at wafer scale. This implementation can address three individual ions from $\hat{I}»$ = 405 - 880 nm with -27 dB average intensity crosstalk at $5\hat{I}¼\mathrm{m}$ pitch. We trap ${}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ and ${}^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ ions above such devices, characterize optical crosstalk with barium ions, and demonstrate individual repumping of calcium ions. This monolithic photonic architecture brings broadband addressing in an on-chip modality to trapped-ion technology. More generally, integrating additive manufacturing into quantum devices is poised to unlock expanded design space for implementing novel quantum architectures.

17 pages, 5 figures