Topology and compact molecular orbitals in twisted bilayer WSe${}_2$

Abstract

Recent observations of superconductivity in twisted bilayer WSe${}_2$ (tWSe${}_2$) have motivated theoretical proposals for unconventional pairing mechanisms. A central question is whether band topology plays an essential role in the system's correlation physics. In this letter, we develop a first-principles-based description of the top moiré valence bands in tWSe${}_2$. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we identify the bands in the relevant range of twist angles to be topologically non-trivial, with the top valence bands carrying Chern numbers $C=(+1,+1)$ for the $K$ valley. In order to treat the strong correlation physics, we construct compact molecular orbitals directly from the DFT wave functions through a partial Wannierization procedure and with the guidance of spinful $C_{3z}$ symmetry representations. This yields a localized $f$ orbital together with a complementary topological $c$ orbital, allowing us to extract hopping and hybridization amplitudes from first principles. The resulting parameters provide an ab initio benchmark for the effective Hamiltonian. Our work establishes a foundation for understanding superconductivity in moiré TMDs and highlights tWSe${}_2$ as a promising platform for exploring topological superconductivity.

6 + 5 pages; 4 + 5 figures