Collective dynamics of harmonically trapped 1D quantum droplets under linear gravitational-like confinement
arXiv:2607.14969
The paper studies how one‑dimensional quantum droplets in a binary Bose‑Einstein condensate respond to a harmonic trap combined with a constant linear (gravity‑like) potential, focusing on center‑of‑mass transport, breathing‑mode stability, and metrological properties using the extended Gross‑Pitaevskii model with LHY corrections.
Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of harmonically confined quantum droplets in a binary Bose Einstein condensate within the one dimensional extended Gross Pitaevskii framework, including LHY corrections, under a constant linear (gravitational like) potential. By analyzing the COM and width dynamics, we show that the monopole (breathing) mode remains governed by the harmonic confinement, with a frequency asymptotically insensitive to the linear perturbation, demonstrating the robustness of internal collective excitations against uniform external forcing. In contrast, the COM exhibits interaction-dependent transport, with weak confinement producing large susceptibility and rapid displacement, whereas strong confinement suppresses transport even under large forcing. The COM response decreases monotonically with increasing trap frequency. We further characterize the evolving quantum state through the quantum Fisher information and Wigner quasi-probability distributions, showing that the linear potential enables controlled generation of states with enhanced metrological sensitivity over finite times, while stronger confinement shifts the onset of the high-sensitivity regime to larger forcing strengths. Numerical simulations based on the split-step Fourier method confirm the dynamical stability of the obtained solutions. These results illustrate the impact of linear gravitational like trap on the collective excitations, transport, and quantum metrological properties of 1D ultradilute quantum fluids.
11 pages, 7 figures