Krylov Complexity for Time-Dependent Hamiltonians
arXiv:2607.10454
The paper studies how Krylov spread complexity evolves for quantum states under time‑dependent Hamiltonians, using Floquet theory for periodic drives and both global and piecewise Magnus expansions to approximate the dynamics.
Abstract
We investigate Krylov spread complexity for states evolving under time-dependent Hamiltonians. For periodically driven systems, we formulate the problem within Floquet theory and show how the Magnus expansion provides a systematic approximation when the Floquet Hamiltonian is not available in closed form. We then extend this framework beyond periodic driving and demonstrate that, in addition to the globally truncated Magnus expansion, a piecewise Magnus expansion provides a reliable method when the global expansion loses convergence or accuracy. Our results provide practical tools for analyzing complexity growth in a broad class of time-dependent quantum systems.
27 pages, 4 figures, Refs. updated