Binary Dipolar Condensates of Dysprosium Isotopes with Tunable Spatial Order

Abstract

Dipolar quantum mixtures provide a route to many-body phases in which long-range anisotropic interactions couple with density, composition and spatial order. Here we realize a new quantum-degenerate dipolar mixture of ${}^{162}$Dy and ${}^{164}$Dy in a single-species-like apparatus. The mixture combines nearly matched single-particle Hamiltonians, tunable interactions and composition parameters, and isotope-resolved characterization. Tuning the interaction balance and relative composition reorganizes the coupled condensates from a miscible state into core--shell-like, side-by-side, and exchanged core--shell-like immiscible configurations. These results establish dysprosium isotope mixtures as a compact and versatile platform for multicomponent dipolar quantum matter, ranging from impurity physics to binary supersolidity.

11 pages, 4+4 figures