Spectral and thermodynamic properties of supersymmetric quantum systems with self-adjoint deformed momentum

Abstract

We establish a rigorous framework for quantum systems with geometric deformations by constructing a strictly self-adjoint deformed momentum operator through the generalized extended momentum operator (GEMO) formalism. Unlike previous approaches relying on boundary-condition hermiticity, our method ensures intrinsic self-adjointness for both linear ($\mu (x)=\alpha x$) and quadratic ($\mu (x)=\alpha x^2$) deformations within a unified non-Hermitian supersymmetric factorization scheme. This yields exact analytical spectra while revealing hidden $\mathfrak{su}(1,1)$ symmetry structures. Crucially, we provide the first complete thermodynamic characterization of such systems by analytically evaluating the partition function via the Euler--Maclaurin approximation. Geometric deformation fundamentally reshapes the density of states $\rho (E)$, producing distinct thermal signatures: a divergent heat capacity peak for linear deformation due to state accumulation near a maximal energy, and a saturation $C/k_{\mathrm{B}}\to 0.6$ (below the Dulong--Petit limit) for quadratic deformation. These results establish geometric deformation as a tunable parameter for engineering quantum thermodynamic responses in curved nanostructures.

14 pages, 3 figures

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