Modeling dark matter as self-bound quantum liquid droplets

Abstract

The Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter model, where dark matter can be thought of as a non-relativistic, Newtonian gravitational condensate, has recently attracted a great deal of interest. In the present study, we explore the possibility that the dark matter could exist in the form of a self-bound quantum droplet formed by ultradilute quantum Bose mixtures under the action of Lee-Huang-Yang corrections at zero temperature. To this end, we derive an extended equation of state by using the nonrelativistic self-consistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory and the hydrodynamic approach. The solutions of the obtained equations of state show that the key parameters of the dark matter halos such as the density, mass, and radius are sensitive to the interspecies interaction and to the quantum fluctuation strength. The stability and the dynamical evolution of the droplet Galactic halos are analyzed by considering small perturbations of the quantum hydrodynamical equations. In order to increase the reliability of our predictions we compare them with some observed data for the Galactic rotation curves.

11 pages, $ figures

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