Isolated Singularities for Fractional Hartree Equations

Abstract

We study isolated singularities of positive solutions to a fractional Hartree equation with Riesz interaction, \[ (-Δ)^s u = \left( \int_{\mathbb{R}^N\setminus\{0\}} \frac{u^p(y)}{|x-y|^μ}\,dy \right)u^q \quad \text{in } \mathbb{R}^N\setminus\{0\}. \] The puncture changes the passage from the differential equation to its integral form: a fractional fundamental solution term may occur at the singular point. Under an upper bound at the scale of the fundamental solution and a weighted integrability condition on the source, we derive a Riesz decomposition with a nonnegative singular term. Under the same assumptions, if in addition the solution blows up at the puncture, \(p,q\ge1\), and both Kelvin weights are nonnegative, an off-center moving spheres argument yields radial symmetry and strict radial decrease. We also classify positive radial homogeneous singular solutions under the corresponding convergence conditions. If a nonzero positive radial homogeneous scaling limit exists and solves the limiting equation, this classification uniquely determines its coefficient.

arXiv comment34 pages, comments are welcome