Self-propulsion in the 1D swarmalator model

Abstract

We study the 1D swarmalator model augmented with self-propulsion. Each swarmalator swims along the ring at a speed $v_0\sin \hat{I}{¸}_i$ fixed by its orientation $\hat{I}{¸}_i$. Self-propulsion unfolds the static states of the ordinary model into traveling, breathing, split-wave, and chaotic states. Several of these states admit analytic reductions: an exact drifting two-cluster branch with a closed-form stability spectrum, and a four-cluster split-wave ansatz whose active pair reduces, in a constant-orientation approximation, to an Adler equation. Our numerical evidence suggests that the transition to chaos under broad random initial conditions is not caused by local destabilization of the ordered cluster branches, but by basin reorganization among coexisting attractors. The resulting states may serve as qualitative signatures for confined active oscillator arrays.