Thermodynamic and magnetocaloric properties of a triangular spin-1/2 cluster with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

Abstract

We present a theoretical investigation of the magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the triangular spin-1/2 cluster with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction, described by a spin-1/2 Heisenberg Hamiltonian with antisymmetric exchange interactions. The energy spectrum and ground-state phase diagram reveal the presence of ferromagnetic (FM), ferrimagnetic (FI), and frustrated (FR) phases, strongly influenced by the total spin and the DM interaction. We analyze magnetization and susceptibility, showing that at low temperatures the system exhibits a characteristic 1/3 magnetization plateau, while thermal fluctuations suppress magnetic order at higher temperatures. The entropy and specific heat display residual entropies due to ground-state degeneracies, Schottky-type anomalies at intermediate temperatures, and additional low-temperature features related to phase transitions. Particular attention is given to the magnetocaloric effect (MCE), characterized by both direct and inverse regimes depending on the magnetic field variation. We find that the DM interaction enhances the complexity of the MCE, leading to nontrivial entropy variations as a function of the magnetic field. These results provide insights into the role of frustration and anisotropy in tuning the MCE of properties triangular spin clusters, with relevance to \mathrm{Cu}_{3}-based molecular magnets.

12 pages, 12 figures

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