Fourier-Curve Constellations under Tangential Perturbation: Covariance-Aware Soft Demapping on Coded Links

Abstract

A Fourier-curve constellation places $M$ points on a closed curve through $k$ complex slots. A Gaussian perturbation along the curve's tangent, whether injected as artificial noise or arising from first-order jitter of the curve parameter, gives every symbol an observation with a symbol-dependent rank-one covariance, and the maximum-likelihood symbol metric differs from the Euclidean rule by one rank-one correction per candidate. We realize this metric as a max-log soft demapper beside a Euclidean correlator bank at $2kM$ additional multiply--accumulate operations per symbol. On a regular $(3,6)$ LDPC-coded link at $(k,M)=(20,64)$ it recovers $5.1$\,dB of the Euclidean mismatch at BLER$=10^{-1}$ under natural labeling and $1.1$\,dB under Gray labeling, of which an average-covariance receiver recovers $0.7$\,dB and nothing measurable, respectively, and it makes the tangential perturbation $0.2$ to $1.0$\,dB cheaper than white noise of the same power on the same codebook. The per-tone phase orientation of the curve acts as an orthogonal rotation, so these results hold at every orientation, and the demapper decodes at the level of an exactly oriented receiver up to $0.2$\,rad of orientation error per component. A bit-interleaved coded-modulation achievable rate corroborates the ordering, a Woodbury extension keeps the rank-one structure under per-tone Rician fading, and $6$-bit lookup-table quantization costs no measurable degradation.

arXiv commentSubmitted to IEEE for publication