DiffTSP: A Conditional Discrete Diffusion Model for Knowledge Graph Triple Set Prediction

Abstract

Triple set prediction (TSP) aims to discover missing facts from an incomplete knowledge graph without predefined queries. Existing approaches typically construct the predicted set through triple-level scoring, sometimes preceded by entity pair filtering that can exclude valid missing facts. We propose DiffTSP, a conditional discrete diffusion model that formulates missing fact discovery as conditional subgraph generation. In each subgraph, DiffTSP directly predicts the missing relational structure without a separate entity pair selection stage. The model learns to generate masked target relation states at different corruption levels, with the observed support subgraph retained as conditioning context. Our structure-aware denoising network integrates a Relational Context Encoder, which captures local relational patterns through relation-guided message passing, and a Relational Graph Diffusion Transformer, which models broader structural interactions through relational attention. During generation, partially generated relations can also serve as provisional context for subsequent predictions. Experiments on three public datasets demonstrate improved TSP performance over strong baselines. Additional analyses show lower conflict rates in the predicted triple sets relative to the evaluated baselines. Code: https://anonymous.4open.science/r/DiffTSP-0F92/.