Rational solutions for algebraic solitons in the massive Thirring model

Abstract

An algebraic soliton of the massive Thirring model (MTM) is expressed by the simplest rational solution of the MTM with the spatial decay of $\mathcal{O}(x^{-1})$. The corresponding potential is related to a simple embedded eigenvalue in the Kaup--Newell spectral problem. This work focuses on the hierarchy of rational solutions of the MTM, in which the $N$-th member of the hierarchy describes a nonlinear superposition of $N$ algebraic solitons with identical masses and corresponds to an embedded eigenvalue of algebraic multiplicity $N$. We show that the hierarchy of rational solutions can be constructed by using the double-Wronskian determinants. The novelty of this work is a rigorous proof that each solution is defined by a polynomial of degree $N^2$ with $2N$ arbitrary parameters, which admits $\frac{N(N-1)}{2}$ poles in the upper half-plane and $\frac{N(N+1)}{2}$ poles in the lower half-plane. Assuming that the leading-order polynomials have exactly $N$ real roots, we show that the $N$-th member of the hierarchy describes the slow scattering of $N$ algebraic solitons on the time scale $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{t})$.

52 pages; 5 figures;