Impact of heavy-tailed synaptic strength distributions on self-sustained activity in networks of spiking neurons

Abstract

We analyze states of stationary activity in randomly coupled quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons using stochastic mean-field theory. Specifically, we consider the two cases of Gaussian random coupling and Cauchy random coupling, which are representative of systems with light- or with heavy-tailed synaptic strength distributions. For both, Gaussian and Cauchy coupling, bistability between a low activity and a high activity state of self-sustained firing is possible in excitable neurons. In the system with Cauchy coupling we find analytically a directed percolation threshold, i.e., above a critical value of the synaptic strength, activity percolates through the whole network starting from a few spiking units only. The existence of the directed percolation threshold is in agreement with previous numerical results in the literature for integrate-and-fire neurons with heavy-tailed synaptic strength distribution. However, we have found that the transition can be continuous or discontinuous, depending on the excitatory-inhibitory imbalance in the network. Networks with Gaussian coupling and networks with Cauchy coupling and additional additive noise lack the percolation transition in the thermodynamic limit.

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