Correlation-Induced Interferometric Geometric Phase Difference in Entangled Neutral Meson Systems

Abstract

We investigate the phase structure associated with correlated evolution in entangled neutral meson systems. Working within a rephasing-invariant interferometric framework, we construct the time-dependent interferometric geometric phase associated with the antisymmetric entangled neutral meson state undergoing nonunitary evolution. Exploiting the natural factorization of the overlap amplitude into global propagation and interference contributions, we derive an explicit expression for the phase in terms of the mass and decay-width differences that govern neutral meson mixing. To place the entangled phase in context, we derive the corresponding interferometric geometric phases accumulated by independently evolving neutral mesons within the same framework. This comparison naturally leads to the introduction of a correlation-induced interferometric geometric phase difference, $Δγ=γ_{\rm g}^{\rm{ent}}-γ_{\rm g}^{(1)}-γ_{\rm g}^{(2)}$, defined as the deviation of the entangled interferometric geometric phase from the sum of the associated single-meson phases. We show that this quantity characterizes the nonadditive phase structure generated by correlated meson evolution and originates from interference between propagation pathways that have no analogue in isolated meson dynamics. The resulting phases depend solely on the eigenvalue differences governing neutral meson oscillations and decay. The system-dependent behavior of the interferometric geometric phases and the correlation-induced phase difference is analyzed across different neutral meson families, illustrating how the underlying mixing dynamics shape the resulting phase correlations. Our results provide an interferometric characterization of entangled neutral meson evolution and highlight the role of entanglement in generating nonadditive phase structures associated with correlated meson dynamics.

16 pages, 2 tables. Title revised. Updated manuscript with an interferometric formulation of the geometric phase, revised interpretation of phase nonadditivity, and expanded system-dependent analysis