Equivalence Problem for Non-Linearizable Third-Order ODEs with Four-Dimensional Lie Symmetry Subalgebras under Point Transformations

Abstract

Cartan's equivalence method is applied to explicitly construct invariant coframes for four branches, which are used to characterize all non-linearizable third-order ODEs with a four-dimensional Lie symmetry subalgebra under point transformations. Additionally, we present a method for constructing the point transformations based on the derived invariant coframes. Examples are provided to illustrate our approach.