Boundary and Symmetry Breaking in a Deformed Toric Code

Abstract

This work explores a deformation of Kitaev's toric code that induces a phase transition out of the topologically ordered phase. By placing the model on a cylinder, the bulk global 1-form symmetries separate into distinct boundary operators, allowing us to show that the transition is accompanied by the condensation of all anyons in a given boundary. Using a lower dimensional (1 + 1)-dimensional boundary Hamiltonian, we extract an effective central charge and find a pronounced suppression near ${\beta }_c$, followed by its restoration at strong coupling.

25 pages, 8 figues, comments are welcome