An Extension of the Polynomial to Knotted 4-Valent Graphs
arXiv:2601.18144 · doi:10.46787/pump.v9i.6333
Abstract
We use planar 4-valent graphs and a graphical calculus involving such graphs to construct an invariant for balanced-oriented, knotted 4-valent graphs. Our invariant is an extension of the polynomial for classical knots and links. We also provide a minimal generating set of Reidemeister-type moves for diagrams of balanced-oriented, knotted 4-valent graphs.
16 pages