Examining possible doubly topped baryon configurations

Abstract

We present a comprehensive theoretical assessment of the masses of possible baryonic configurations characterized by the presence of two heavy top quarks, including $\hat{I}{ž}_{ttu}$, $\hat{I}{ž}_{ttd}$, $\hat{I}{\text{c◯}}_{tts}$, $\hat{I}{\text{c◯}}_{ttc}$, and $\hat{I}{\text{c◯}}_{ttb}$ systems. This analysis is rigorously executed within the specialized framework of two-point $\mathrm{QCD}$ sum rules, focusing on their predicted ground state masses. Our interest in these systems arises from recent CMS and ATLAS reports indicating a pseudoscalar excess close to $t\bar{t}$ threshold. Our evaluation incorporates both perturbative terms and nonperturbative effects, including condensate contributions up to dimension eight. Based on our results, the extracted central masses for all channels are slightly above the sum of the constituent quark masses, which is consistent with the inherent uncertainties of the method. These quantitative predictions provide a useful first-principle theoretical reference, which may help future experimental searches for such heavy configurations at the LHC and inform sensitivity studies at next-generation facilities such as the FCC.

14 Pages, 1 Figure and 2 Tables

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