Precision Isotope-Shift Measurement of the ${}^1{S}_0\leftrightarrow {}^3{P}_2$ Transition and a Multi-Transition King-Plot Consistency Test

Abstract

We present precision spectroscopy and isotope shift measurement of the ${}^1{S}_0\leftrightarrow {}^3{P}_2$ clock transition in neutral ytterbium ($\mathrm{Yb}$) atoms. By revealing a magic wavelength at $905.4(2)$ nm, we successfully achieve the atomic spectrum narrower than $100$ Hz. The interleaved clock operation between isotopes allows us to determine isotope shifts of four bosonic isotope pairs at Hz-level uncertainties, which is combined with those of other four ultra-narrow transitions in $\mathrm{Yb}$ and ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ to construct the King plot. We show that a rich dataset spanning multiple transitions enables a test of a restricted isotope-shift ansatz comprising the leading mass and field shifts, one effective factorized higher-order Standard Model contribution, and a new-particle contribution. Within this ansatz, the five-transition data are inconsistent with the new-particle contribution serving as the sole additional contribution over the mass ranges $m_{\varphi }\le 6.5$ keV and $18$ keV $\le m_{\varphi }<100$ keV, while the previous works rely on another bound set by the neutron scattering and $(g-2{)}_e$ measurements. This work paves the way for the effective use of precision isotope shift data in the King plot analysis and stimulates further measurements in Yb and other elements.