Cuspidal distinction via intertwining periods

Abstract

Local intertwining periods have so far been used to reduce distinction of a general irreducible representation to distinction of cuspidal ones, for which other tools -- type theory, local and global trace formulae -- take over. The main contribution of this paper is to prove that they can be used to decide distinction of cuspidal representations themselves. We develop this approach with three well-studied examples for which the ambient group is an inner form of ${\mathrm{GL}}_n$ over a $p$-adic field, namely linear models, their non-split twisted version, and the quaternionic symplectic model. As consequences, we obtain proofs valid in arbitrary residual characteristic of the cuspidal case of the epsilon dichotomy conjecture of Prasad and Takloo-Bighash and of Prasad's conjecture on quaternionic symplectic models. The proof in the quaternionic symplectic model case, although going through intertwining periods, uses the simplest ones, namely closed intertwining periods, and is disappointingly short and elementary.

We extended the epsilon dichotomy part to non twisted linear models. We added a section on the symplectic quaternionic model. In this section, we made use of AI. See the correspoding section