On gap properties for the linearized 1D Dirac--Soler model

Abstract

We study spectral properties of the Dirac operator $L_0$ obtained by linearizing the one-dimensional Soler model around standing waves with power nonlinearity $f(s)=s|s{|}^{p-1},p>0$. We give a sharp characterization of the spectral gap. More precisely, we prove that if $p\ge 1$, then the gap contains no eigenvalues other than the symmetry-induced energies $-2\omega$ and $0$, while for~$0<p<1$ additional eigenvalues bifurcate from the thresholds of the essential spectrum and enter the gap. We further show that the thresholds are never eigenvalues for any $p>0$, and that threshold resonances are absent for~$p>1$. Along the way, we establish several structural results for generalized eigenfunctions of one-dimensional Dirac operators at threshold energies under mild assumptions on the potential.

36 pages