Nonequilibrium DC Current Generation in a Driven Dissipative Haldane Model

Abstract

The interplay of topology with nonequilibrium driving and dissipation in open quantum systems has recently attracted significant interest in condensed matter physics. In this work, we investigate a driven, dissipative Haldane model using large-scale numerical simulations of Lindblad dynamics. We show that the system evolves into a time-periodic quasi-steady state when subjected to driving and dissipation, with the ground-state topological invariant, the Chern number, no longer being quantized. Nevertheless, remnants of the underlying band topology persist in this state. To quantify this regime, we introduce an occupation-weighted Chern number that captures the topology of this nonequilibrium steady state. We further analyze charge transport in the presence of simultaneous driving and damping and demonstrate that a finite DC bulk current emerges when inversion symmetry is broken by a staggered sublattice potential. The magnitude and direction of this current are controlled by the driving amplitude, revealing a tunable nonequilibrium transport response rooted in broken symmetries and residual topology.