Improved time-translationally invariant tensor network influence functional method for Anderson impurity problems

Abstract

The Anderson impurity model (AIM) is of fundamental importance in condensed matter physics for studying strongly correlated phenomena. However, accurately simulating its long-time dynamics still remains a significant numerical challenge. A class of recently developed numerical approaches represents the Feynman-Vernon influence functional (IF), which encodes all the bath effects on the impurity, as a matrix product state (MPS) in the temporal domain. The computational cost of this approach is largely determined by the bond dimension $\ddot{I}‡$ of the temporal MPS. In this work, we propose an efficient and accurate method that, when the hybridization function in the IF can be approximated as a sum of $n$ exponential functions, systematically constructs the IF as an MPS by multiplying $O(n)$ small MPSs, each with bond dimension $2$. Our method yields a worst case scaling of $\ddot{I}‡$ as $2^{8n}$ and $2^{2n}$ for real- and imaginary-time evolution respectively. We demonstrate the performance of our method for two commonly used bath spectral functions, and show that the required bond dimensions are significantly smaller than the worst case.

15 pages, 5 figures