Sequential quantum processes with group symmetries

Abstract

Symmetry plays a crucial role in the design and analysis of quantum protocols. This result shows a canonical circuit decomposition of a $(G\times H)$-invariant quantum comb for compact groups $G$ and $H$ using the corresponding Clebsch--Gordan transforms, which naturally extends to the $G$-covariant quantum comb. By using this circuit decomposition, we propose a parametrized quantum comb with group symmetry, and derive the optimal quantum comb which transforms an unknown unitary operation $U\in \mathrm{SU}(d)$ into its inverse $U^{†}$ or transpose $U^{\top }$. From numerics, we find a deterministic and exact unitary transposition protocol for $d=3$ with $7$ queries to $U$. This protocol improves upon the protocol shown in the previous work, which requires $13$ queries to $U$.

27 pages, 8 figures