Direct loading of a Sr magneto-optical trap from a thermal atomic beam

Abstract

We demonstrate direct loading of a strontium (Sr) magneto-optical trap (MOT) from a thermal atomic beam in a single-chamber vacuum system. The MOT operates without a Zeeman slower, a slowing laser, a two-dimensional MOT, or differential pumping, while the entire system is maintained in the ultra-high-vacuum regime by a single ion pump. At an oven temperature of $395{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, the MOT captures up to $10^7$ ${}^{88}\mathrm{Sr}$ atoms with a loading rate of $10^7\mathrm{atoms}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$, while sustaining a background gas pressure of $1\times 10^{-9}\mathrm{Torr}$. At this oven temperature, the MOT lifetime limited by collisions with background gas is $\sim 5\mathrm{s}$, with the atom number primarily constrained by light-assisted two-body collisions. Eliminating differential pumping and precooling stages significantly reduces the system's size, weight, and power requirements, providing a robust and practical platform for field-deployable and spaceborne optical lattice clocks, as well as a variety of other applications requiring compact ultracold atom sources.

10 pages, 9 figures

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