Sharp boundary asymptotics and monotonicity for singular quasilinear elliptic equations with gradient terms in half-spaces

Abstract

We establish sharp boundary asymptotics for directional derivatives and monotonicity of positive weak solutions to $-{\Delta }_{p}u+\vartheta |\nabla u{|}^q=u^{-\gamma }+f(u)$ in the half-space ${\mathbb{R}}_{+}^N$ with zero Dirichlet data, where $p>1$, $\gamma >0$, $0<q\le p$, $\vartheta \ge 0$, and $f$ is locally Lipschitz continuous. For solutions bounded in a boundary strip, writing $t=x_N\downarrow 0$, we prove the exact limits \[ \begin{aligned} t^{\frac{γ-1}{γ+p-1}}\,\partial_ηu(x',t) &\longrightarrow \frac{p C_{γ,p}}{γ+p-1}\,\langleη,e_N\rangle && (γ>1),\\ (1-\log t)^{-\frac1p}\,\partial_ηu(x',t) &\longrightarrow \left(\frac{p}{p-1}\right)^{\frac1p} \langleη,e_N\rangle && (γ=1), \end{aligned} \] where $C_{\gamma ,p}=((\gamma +p-1{)}^p/[p^{p-1}(p-1)(\gamma -1)]{)}^{1/(\gamma +p-1)}$. The convergence is uniform in the tangential variable; in particular, the appropriately rescaled tangential derivatives vanish and the leading constants depend only on $p$ and $\gamma$, not on the gradient term or $f$. The normal-derivative limits imply the corresponding exact leading-order boundary profiles of $u$ by integration. In the weakly singular regime $0<\gamma <1$, we obtain linear boundary bounds and positive inward directional-derivative estimates. We also establish local counterparts of the boundary results for solutions merely locally bounded up to the boundary. Finally, under additional structural assumptions, the moving-plane method yields normal monotonicity for strip-bounded solutions in arbitrary dimension and for locally bounded solutions in dimension two. The boundary asymptotics hold throughout the range $0<q\le p$.

arXiv comment37 pages