Distributed quantum sensing with multi-mode states
arXiv:2508.02070 · doi:10.1103/4vdx-7224
Abstract
Distributed quantum sensing, which estimates a global parameter across distant nodes, has attracted significant interest for applications such as quantum imaging, sensor networks, and global-scale clock synchronization. states are regarded as one of the optimal quantum resources for quantum metrology, enabling the Heisenberg scaling. Recently, the concept of states has been extended to multi-mode states for quantum-enhanced multiple-parameter estimation. However, the application of multi-mode states in distributed quantum sensing remains unexplored. Here, we propose a distributed quantum sensing scheme that achieves the Heisenberg scaling using multi-mode states. We theoretically show that multi-mode states can reach the Heisenberg scaling by examining both the Cramér-Rao bound and the quantum Cramér-Rao bound. For experimental demonstration, we employ a four-mode state to estimate the average of two spatially distributed phases, achieving a 2.74 dB sensitivity enhancement over the standard quantum limit. We believe that utilizing multi-mode states for distributed quantum sensing offers a promising approach for developing entanglement-enhanced sensor networks.
6 pages, 3 figures, Supplemental Material
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