paper

Non-minimal matter sector couplings in Lorentz-violating gravity: Self-consistent traversable wormholes and quasinormal modes

arXiv:2507.03188 · doi:10.1103/pcbc-y8d7

Abstract

The anisotropies induced by Lorentz-violating fields pose significant challenges for the search for compact objects in non-vacuum environments. In this work, nevertheless, we demonstrate that introducing couplings between Lorentz-violating fields and matter allows a remarkable class of spacetimes: traversable wormholes. Specifically, we consider additional couplings in the Lagrangian of a phantom scalar field and derive Ellis-Bronnikov spacetime analogs in a Lorentz-violating scenario where both a vector field and an antisymmetric rank-2 tensor field spontaneously acquire non-zero vacuum expectation values. Despite the distinct nature of these fields, their non-zero vacuum expectation values contribute additively to the overall effect on the phantom distribution and on the resulting line element. Moreover, to probe the effects of the Lorentz violation in these spacetimes, we consider scalar perturbations lying in these spacetimes either coupled to the Lorentz-violating fields or minimally coupled to the metric. Notably, the additional Lorentz-violating couplings can alter scalar field dynamics so that perturbations propagate as if in a General Relativity background, thereby allowing for some traits of Lorentz violation to remain hidden. We compute the quasinormal mode spectra of these perturbations using three methods: direct integration, the 6th-order WKB approximation, and the Prony method, finding strong agreement among the results.

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