Frequency separation ratios do not suppress magnetic activity effects in solar-like stars

Abstract

Magnetic activity effects are typically neglected in asteroseismic modelling of solar-type stars, presuming that these effects can be accounted for in the parametrisation of the surface effects. It was however demonstrated that magnetic activity can have a significant impact on the asteroseismic characterisation using both forward and inverse techniques. We investigated whether frequency separation ratios, which are commonly used to efficiently suppress surface effects, are also able to suppress magnetic activity effects. Based on GOLF and BiSON observations of the Sun-as-a-star, we performed asteroseismic characterisations using frequency separation ratios as constraints to measure the apparent temporal evolution of the stellar parameters and their correlation with the 10.7 cm radio flux. Frequency separation ratios do not suppress the effects of magnetic activity. Both $r_{01}$ and $r_{02}$ ratios exhibit a clear signature of the magnetic activity cycle. Consequently, when these ratios are employed as constraints in asteroseismic modelling, magnetic activity effects are propagated to the stellar characterisation. Additionally, most stellar parameters correlate with the activity cycle, unlike the direct fitting of individual frequencies. Magnetic activity effects significantly impact asteroseismic characterisation, regardless of whether forward modelling or inverse methods are used. Standard techniques to suppress surface effects have proven ineffective against magnetic activity influences and systematic uncertainties of 4.7%, 2.9%, and 1.0% should be considered for the stellar age, mass, and radius, respectively. In preparation for future space-based photometry missions, it is therefore essential to enhance our theoretical understanding of these effects and develop a modelling procedure capable of accounting for or efficiently suppressing them.

Accepted for publication as a Letter in Astronomy and Astrophysics

References in corpus (27)

• The chemical composition of the Sun
• Asteroseismology of Solar-Type and Red-Giant Stars
• Helioseismology and Solar Abundances
• Correcting stellar oscillation frequencies for near-surface effects
• Probing the interior physics of stars through asteroseismology
• CoRoT reveals a magnetic activity cycle in a Sun-like star
• A new correction of stellar oscillation frequencies for near-surface effects
• Surface rotation and photometric activity for Kepler targets. II. G and F main-sequence stars, and cool subgiant stars
• Sources of oscillation frequency increase with rising solar activity
• Definitive Sun-as-a-star p-mode frequencies: 23 years of BiSON observations
• Thinning of the Sun's magnetic layer: the peculiar solar minimum could have been predicted
• Seismic sensitivity to sub-surface solar activity from 18 years of GOLF/SoHO observations
• Asteroseismic modelling of solar-type stars: internal systematics from input physics and surface correction methods
• Surface-effect corrections for oscillation frequencies of evolved stars
• The CubeSpec space mission. I. Asteroseismology of massive stars from time series optical spectroscopy: science requirements and target list prioritisation
• Investigating surface correction relations for RGB stars
• Thorough characterisation of the 16 Cygni system Part I: Forward seismic modelling with WhoSGlAd
• On the impact of the structural surface effect on global stellar properties and asteroseismic analyses
• Solar cycle variation of ${\nu }_{\max }$ in helioseismic data and its implications for asteroseismology
• Temporal variation of the photometric magnetic activity for the Sun and Kepler solar-like stars
• Kepler-93: a testbed for detailed seismic modelling and orbital evolution of super-earths around solar-like stars
• Asteroseismic constraints on active latitudes of solar-type stars: HD173701 has active bands at higher latitudes than the Sun
• Impact of magnetic activity on inferred stellar properties of main sequence Sun-like stars
• Asteroseismic modelling strategies in the PLATO era I. Mean density inversions and direct treatment of the seismic information
• Imprint of the magnetic activity cycle on solar asteroseismic characterisation based on 26 years of GOLF and BiSON data
• Seismic differences between solar magnetic cycles 23 and 24 for low-degree modes
• Influence of the magnetic activity cycle on mean density and acoustic radius inversions

Cited by in corpus (2)

• The stellar activity-rotation-age relationship under the lens of asteroseismology
• Asteroseismic modelling of main-sequence solar-like stars and Kepler exoplanet host stars with the FICO procedure I. Catalogue of fundamental stellar properties