Finsler and sub-Finsler geodesics with chattering

Abstract

In this paper, we provide examples of Finsler and sub-Finsler manifolds whose geodesics exhibit chattering, that is, a countable number of switches over an arbitrarily small time interval. We also present an explicit left-invariant structure on a Carnot group whose geodesics exhibit chattering. This provides a negative answer to Le Donne's question. Furthermore, the paper presents a sufficient condition for normal Pontryagin maximum principle extremals in (sub-)Finsler problems to exhibit chattering.