Optimal control of variable-exponent subdiffusion

Abstract

This work investigates the optimal control of the variable-exponent subdiffusion, which extends the work [Gunzburger and Wang, SIAM J. Control Optim. 2019] to the variable-exponent case to account for the multiscale and crossover diffusion behavior. To resolve the difficulties caused by the leading variable-exponent operator, we adopt the convolution method to reformulate the model into an equivalent but more tractable form, and then prove the well-posedness and weighted regularity of the optimal control. As the convolution kernels in reformulated models are indefinite-sign, non-positive-definite, and non-monotonic, we adopt the discrete convolution kernel approach in numerical analysis to show the $O(\ddot{I}„(1+|\ln \ddot{I}„|)+h^2)$ accuracy of the schemes for state and adjoint equations. Numerical experiments are performed to substantiate the theoretical findings.