Dark Matter in Multi-Singlet Extensions of the Standard Model

Abstract

We study the simplest extensions of the Standard Model (SM) that provide Dark Matter (DM) candidates, built with the addition of real singlets and new ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$ symmetries. In this type of models the interactions between SM particles are not altered except for the new interactions stemming from the portal couplings that link the SM Higgs with the DM candidates. In the extension with just one singlet, DM masses below about 3.5 TeV are already excluded by the combination of relic density and direct detection (DD) constraints, except in the resonant case where the DM mass is close to half the Higgs mass, making them undetectable at the LHC. Adding just one more real singlet with an independent ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$ symmetry opens up a new mass window for one of the DM candidates and decreases the lower bound on the mass of the other. Adding more singlets with independent ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$ symmetries will not change this picture dramatically. If instead we add new singlets all odd under the same ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$ symmetry, the allowed mass region for the DM candidate (i.e., the lightest dark sector scalar) will span the entire mass range from half the Higgs mass to the TeV scale. In principle, such light particles could be probed at the LHC in mono-$X$ searches. Although they are still out of reach with the current LHC DM searches, there are good chances to probe the models in some final states at the High-Luminosity (HL-LHC) stage of the LHC.

30 pages, 20 figures. Matches the published version in JHEP 03 (2026) 157

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