Production of leptonium in heavy quarkonium decays

Abstract

Lepton pairs with opposite charges can form bound states known as ``leptonium'' through quantum electrodynamic interactions. Heavy quarkonia such as $J/\psi$ are abundantly produced at facilities like BESIII and the future Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF). In this work, we investigate leptonium production in heavy quarkonium decays, specifically focusing on the processes $\mathcal{Q}⟶(l_1^{+}{l}_2^{-})[n]+\gamma$ ($l_{1,2}=\tau ,\mu ,e$) and $\mathcal{Q}⟶(l_1^{+}{l}_2^{-})[n]+l_1^{-}{l}_2^{+}$. Here, $\mathcal{Q}$ denotes the heavy quarkonium $J/\psi$ or ${\rm Y}$, while $n=$ ${}^1{S}_0$ or ${}^3{S}_1$ corresponds to para-leptonium and ortho-leptonium, respectively. With an annual production of $3.4\times 10^{12}$ $J/\psi$ events at STCF, there is significant potential to observe positronium $(e^{+}{e}^{-})$, muonium $({\mu }^{+}{e}^{-})$, and dimuonium $({\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})$. In particular, the ortho-dimuonium $({\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}){[}^3{S}_1]$ may be discovered at the future STCF, with an inclusive branching fraction of $Br(J/\psi ⟶({\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}){[}^3{S}_1]+X)=1.5\times 10^{-12}$.

arXiv comment32 pages, 13 figures, to be published in PRD

References in corpus (23)

• Rigorous QCD Analysis of Inclusive Annihilation and Production of Heavy Quarkonium
• Quarkonium Wave Functions at the Origin
• Observation of Anomalous Internal Pair Creation in ${}^8$Be: A Possible Signature of a Light, Neutral Boson
• Precision physics of simple atoms: QED tests, nuclear structure and fundamental constants
• NLO Production and Decay of Quarkonium
• STCF Conceptual Design Report: Volume 1 -- Physics & Detector
• Production of the Smallest QED Atom: True Muonium (mu^+ mu^-)
• Number of $J/\psi$ events at BESIII
• Quarkonium Decay Matrix Elements from Quenched Lattice QCD
• Search for CP-violation in Positronium Decay
• Production of bound {${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$}-systems in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Discovering True Muonium at LHCb
• Prospects for ditauonium discovery at colliders
• Rare and exclusive few-body decays of the Higgs, Z, W bosons, and the top quark
• Production of relativistic positronium in collisions of photons and electrons with nuclei and atoms
• True muonium production in ultraperipheral $PbPb$ collisions
• Low-energy electron-positron collider to search and study (μ^+μ^-) bound state
• Ditauonium spectroscopy
• On the decays $B\to K^{(\ast )}+$ leptonium
• Photoproduction of relativistic QED bound states in hadronic collisions
• True muonium resonant production at $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders with standard crossing angle
• Discovering True Muonium in $K_L\to ({\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})\gamma$
• Production of dileptonic bound states in the Higgs boson decay