Demagnetization in micromagnetics: magnetostatic self-interactions of bulk chiral magnetic skyrmions

Abstract

We develop a theoretical and numerical framework for three-dimensional bulk chiral magnets that includes the full magnetostatic dipole-dipole interaction and its back-reaction on the magnetization. Assuming translational invariance along one spatial direction, we analyze the effect of dipolar interactions on three Dzyaloshinskii--Moriya interaction (DMI) terms -- Dresselhaus, Rashba, and Heusler -- corresponding to Bloch, Néel, and antiskyrmion textures. In the absence of the dipolar interaction, these three DMI terms are gauge-equivalent and yield degenerate skyrmion energies. Incorporating the non-local dipole-dipole interaction breaks this degeneracy: Bloch skyrmions remain unaffected, Néel skyrmions shrink slightly, and Heusler antiskyrmions lose axial symmetry and stabilize into square-lattice crystals. The system is solved using a non-local numerical relaxation method that self-consistently computes the magnetostatic potential from Poisson's equation. Our results show that long-range dipolar interactions can stabilize bulk antiskyrmion crystals in translationally invariant three-dimensional chiral magnets.

v2: Accepted in PRB, LLG included (14 pages, 5 figures); v1: First draft (13 pages, 4 figures)

References in corpus (25)

• Discovery of Magnetic Antiskyrmions Beyond Room Temperature in Tetragonal Heusler Materials
• A theory on skyrmion size and profile
• The 2020 Skyrmionics Roadmap
• The properties of isolated chiral skyrmions in thin magnetic films
• Giant Skyrmions Stabilized by Dipole-Dipole Interactions in Thin Ferromagnetic Films
• Chiral Magnetic Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Charge ("skyrmionic sacks")
• Magnetic skyrmions, chiral kinks and holomorphic functions
• Theory of skyrmion states in liquid crystals: axisymmetric cholesteric bubbles (spherulites)
• Unraveling the role of dipolar versus Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in stabilizing compact magnetic skyrmions
• Magnetic Skyrmions at Critical Coupling
• Variational principles of micromagnetics revisited
• Forming individual magnetic biskyrmions by merging two skyrmions in a centrosymmetric nanodisk
• Writing Skyrmions with a Magnetic Dipole
• The volume of a soliton
• Chiral Magnets from String Theory
• Solitons on tori and soliton crystals
• Near-BPS baby Skyrmions
• Baby Skyrmion crystals
• Magnetostatics of Magnetic Skyrmion Crystals
• Skyrmion crystals stabilized by $\omega$-mesons
• Vortex lattices and critical fields in anisotropic superconductors
• Domain Wall Networks as Skyrmion Crystals in Chiral Magnets
• Backreacted Coulomb energy in the Skyrme model
• Baby skyrmion crystals stabilized by vector mesons
• Topological transition from a hopfion to a toron via flexoelectric self-polarization in chiral liquid crystals

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Creation of domain-wall skyrmions in chiral magnets with Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert dynamics and demagnetization