A tensor network approach to sensing quantum light-matter interactions

Abstract

We present the fundamental limits to the precision of estimating parameters of a quantum matter system probed by light, even when some of the light is lost. This practically inevitable scenario leads to a tripartite quantum system of matter, and light -- detected and lost. Evaluating fundamental information theoretic quantities such as the quantum Fisher information of only the detected light was heretofore impossible. We succeed by expressing the final quantum state of the detected light as a matrix product operator. We apply our method to resonance fluorescence and pulsed spectroscopy. For both, we quantify the sub-optimality of continuous homodyning and photo-counting measurements in parameter estimation. For the latter, we find that single-photon Fock state pulses allow higher precision per photon than pulses of coherent states. Our method should be valuable in studies of quantum light-matter interactions, quantum light spectroscopy, quantum stochastic thermodynamics, and quantum clocks.

21 pages, 5 figures. See related work by D. Yang et al

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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Daemonic ergotropy of Gaussian quantum states and the role of measurement-induced purification via general-dyne detection
• Quantum Cramer-Rao Precision Limit of Noisy Continuous Sensing
• Optimal quantum spectroscopy using single-photon pulses
• Boosting Work Extraction in Quantum Batteries via Continuous Environment Monitoring
• Revealing emergent many-body phenomena by analyzing large-scale space-time records of monitored quantum systems