Energy conditions in $f(Q,L_m)$ gravity

Abstract

We are experiencing a golden age of experimental cosmology, with exact and accurate observations being used to constrain various gravitational theories like never before. Alongside these advancements, energy conditions play a crucial theoretical role in evaluating and refining new proposals in gravitational physics. We investigate the energy conditions (WEC, NEC, DEC, and SEC) for two $f(Q,L_m)$ gravity models using the FLRW metric in a flat geometry. Model 1, $f(Q,L_m)=-\alpha Q+2L_m+\beta$, features linear parameter dependence, satisfying most energy conditions while selectively violating the SEC to explain cosmic acceleration. The EoS parameter transitions between quintessence, a cosmological constant, and phantom energy, depending on $\alpha$ and $\beta$. Model 2, $f(Q,L_m)=-\alpha Q+\lambda (2L_m{)}^2+\beta$, introduces nonlinearities, ensuring stronger SEC violations and capturing complex dynamics like dark energy transitions. While Model 1 excels in simplicity, Model 2's robustness makes it ideal for accelerated expansion scenarios, highlighting the potential of $f(Q,L_m)$ gravity in explaining cosmic phenomena.

arXiv commentThe European Physical Journal C published version

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Cited by in corpus (1)

• Exploring the Universe Expansion History with f(R,T) Gravity: Constraints on Cosmological Parameters