First constraints on QCD axion dark matter using James Webb Space Telescope observations

Abstract

We present the first constraints on QCD axion dark matter using measurements from the James Webb Space Telescope. By utilizing publicly available MIRI and NIRSpec blank-sky observations, originally collected for sky subtraction purposes, we derive strong limits on the axion-photon coupling constant $g_{a\gamma \gamma }$ in the mass range 0.1-4 eV. This analysis underscores the potential of blank-sky observations as a powerful tool for constraining dark matter models and demonstrates how astrophysical missions can be repurposed for particle physics research.

arXiv comment8 pages + appendix, 2 figures, 2 tables. v2: updated JWST data products with generally larger reported uncertainties, added data-driven uncertainty calibration, and revised the corresponding bounds. Matches the current journal submission