Elucidating the Dark Energy and Dark Matter Phenomena Within the Scale-Invariant Vacuum (SIV) Paradigm

Abstract

The enigmatic phenomenon of dark energy (DE) is regarded as the elusive entity driving the accelerated expansion of our Universe. A plausible candidate for DE is the non-zero Einstein Cosmological Constant ${\Lambda }_E$ manifested as a constant energy density of the vacuum, yet it seemingly defies gravitational effects. In this work, we interpret the non-zero ${\Lambda }_E$ through the lens of scale-invariant cosmology. We revisit the conformal scale factor $\lambda$ and its defining equations within the Scale-Invariant Vacuum (SIV) paradigm. Furthermore, we address the profound problem of the missing mass across galactic and extragalactic scales by deriving an MOND-like relation, $g\sim \sqrt{a_0{g}_N}$, within the SIV context. Remarkably, the values obtained for ${\Lambda }_E$ and the MOND fundamental acceleration, $a_0$, align with observed magnitudes, specifically, $a_0\approx 10^{-10}\mathrm{m}{\mathrm{s}}^{-2}$ and ${\Lambda }_E\approx 1.8\times 10^{-52}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}$. Moreover, we propose a novel early dark energy term, ${\tilde{T}}_{\mu \nu }\sim \kappa H$, within the SIV paradigm, which holds potential relevance for addressing the Hubble tension. Keywords: cosmology; theory; dark energy; dark matter; MOND; Weyl integrable geometry.

13 pages, no figures

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Cited by in corpus (3)

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