Heralded entanglement of on-demand spin-wave solid-state quantum memories for multiplexed quantum network links

Abstract

The ability to distribute heralded entanglement between distant matter nodes is a primitive for the implementation of large-scale quantum networks. Some of the most crucial requirements for future applications include high heralding rates at telecom wavelengths, multiplexed operation and on-demand retrieval of stored excitations for synchronization of separate quantum links. Despite tremendous progress in various physical systems, the demonstration of telecom-heralded entanglement between quantum nodes featuring both multiplexed operation and on-demand retrieval remains elusive. In this work, we combine narrowband parametric photon-pair sources and solid-state quantum memories based on rare-earth doped crystals to demonstrate telecom heralded entanglement between spatially separated spin-wave quantum memories with fully adjustable recall time and temporal multiplexing of 15 modes. In a first experiment, the storage in the spin-state is conditioned on the entanglement heralding. We take advantage of the control over readout pulse phase to achieve feed-forward conditional phase-shifts on the stored photons depending on which heralding detector clicked. We exploit this effect to double the entanglement heralding rate for a given quantum state up to 510 cps, with an associated detection rate of 0.32 cps and measured positive concurrence by up to 6 standard deviations. In a second experiment, we simulate the communication time of a long-distance link by implementing an unconditional storage scheme with a dead-time of 100 $\mu$s. We take advantage of temporal multiplexing to increase the entanglement rates by a factor of 15 with respect to single mode storage, reaching a value of 22 cps per heralding detector. These results establish our architecture as a prime candidate for the implementation of scalable high-rate quantum network links.

15 pages, 11 figures, dataset available at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16925994

References in corpus (39)

• The Quantum Internet
• Long-distance quantum communication with atomic ensembles and linear optics
• Advances in Quantum Cryptography
• Heralded entanglement between solid-state qubits separated by 3 meters
• An Elementary Quantum Network of Single Atoms in Optical Cavities
• Multimode quantum memory based on atomic frequency combs
• Quantum Repeaters with Photon Pair Sources and Multi-Mode Memories
• Measurement-Induced Entanglement for Excitation Stored in Remote Atomic Ensembles
• Functional Quantum Nodes for Entanglement Distribution over Scalable Quantum Networks
• Distributed Quantum Computation Based-on Small Quantum Registers
• Spectral multiplexing for scalable quantum photonics using an atomic frequency comb quantum memory and feed-forward control
• Entanglement of Nanophotonic Quantum Memory Nodes in a Telecom Network
• Telecom-heralded entanglement between remote multimode solid-state quantum memories
• Demonstration of atomic frequency comb memory for light with spin-wave storage
• Entangling single atoms over 33 km telecom fibre
• Heralded entanglement distribution between two absorptive quantum memories
• Entanglement of trapped-ion qubits separated by 230 meters
• One-hour coherent optical storage in an atomic frequency comb memory
• Impedance-matched cavity quantum memory
• Advanced holeburning techniques for determination of hyperfine transition properties in inhomogeneously broadened solids applied to Pr3+:Y2SiO5
• Ultranarrow-Band Photon Pair Source Compatible with Solid State Quantum Memories and Telecommunication Networks
• Heralded quantum entanglement between two crystals
• A multinode quantum network over a metropolitan area
• Quantum Storage of a Photonic Polarization Qubit in a Solid
• Multiplexed storage and real-time manipulation based on a multiple-degree-of-freedom quantum memory
• Quantum Storage of Frequency-Multiplexed Heralded Single Photons
• Towards highly multimode optical quantum memory for quantum repeaters
• Storage of photonic time-bin qubits for up to 20 ms in a rare-earth doped crystal
• Metropolitan-scale heralded entanglement of solid-state qubits
• Quantum frequency conversion of memory-compatible single photons from 606 nm to the telecom C-band
• Optical storage for 0.53 seconds in a solid-state atomic frequency comb memory using dynamical decoupling
• Quantum correlations between single telecom photons and a multimode on-demand solid state quantum memory
• On-demand Integrated Quantum Memory for Polarization Qubits
• Development of a Boston-area 50-km fiber quantum network testbed
• Storage and analysis of light-matter entanglement in a fibre-integrated system
• Heralded distribution of single-photon path entanglement
• Efficient cavity-assisted storage of photonic qubits in a solid-state quantum memory
• Optical and spin manipulation of non-Kramers rare-earth ions under weak magnetic field for quantum memory applications
• A solid-state temporally multiplexed quantum memory array at the single-photon level

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Materials for Quantum Technologies: a Roadmap for Spin and Topology
• Fiber-coupled broadband quantum memory for polarization-encoded photonic qubits
• Broadband and long-duration optical memory in Yb:YSO
• The QTF-Backbone: Proposal for a Nationwide Optical Fibre Backbone in Germany for Quantum Technology and Time and Frequency Metrology